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Gear Oil 85w140 Specification Used in Jaguar X-type UPDATED

Gear Oil 85w140 Specification Used in Jaguar X-type

Gear oil is a lubricant made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and differentials in automobiles, trucks, and other machinery. It is of a loftier viscosity and usually contains organosulfur compounds. Some modern automatic transaxles (integrated transmission and differential) do not employ a heavy oil at all but lubricate with the lower viscosity hydraulic fluid, which is available at pressure level within the automatic transmission. Gear oils account for most xx% of the lubricant market.^[1]

Most lubricants for manual gearboxes and differentials contain extreme pressure (EP) additives and antiwear additives to cope with the sliding action of hypoid bevel gears. Typical additives include dithiocarbamate derivatives and sulfur-treated organic compounds ("sulfurized hydrocarbons").^[2]

Gear oil being added to the final reduction gears in a scooter.

EP additives which comprise phosphorus/sulfur compounds are corrosive to yellow metals such as the copper and/or brass used in bushings and synchronizers; the GL-one class of gear oils does non incorporate any EP additives and thus finds use in applications which contain parts made of yellowish metals.

GL-v is non necessarily backward-compatible in synchro-mesh transmissions which are designed for a GL-4 oil: GL-five has a lower coefficient of friction due to the higher concentration of EP additives over GL-4, and thus synchros can non engage as effectively.

API ratings [edit]

Gearbox oils are classified by the American Petroleum Institute using GL ratings. The higher an oil's GL-rating, the more than pressure can exist sustained without any metallic-to-metal contact taking place between transmission components. Separate differentials commonly have higher pressure between metal parts than gearboxes and therefore need higher GL-rating. For example, most modern gearboxes require a GL-four oil, and separate differentials (where fitted) require a GL-5 oil.

While they take the same form, the viscosity grades for gear oils are on a different scale than the viscosity grades for an engine oil. The viscometrics for gear oils are standardized in SAE J306. Multigrade gear oils are becoming more common; while gear oil does not reach the temperatures of motor oil, it does warm up appreciably equally the car is driven, due by and large to shear friction (with a small amount of heat conduction through the bellhousing from the engine cake).

Fully constructed gear oils are also used in many vehicles, and accept a greater resistance to shear breakdown than mineral oils.

API Category GL-1 (inactive^[iii]) designates the type of service feature of manual transmissions operating under such mild weather of low unit of measurement pressures and minimum sliding velocities, that untreated oil may be used satisfactorily. Oxidation and rust inhibitors, defoamers and pour depressants may be used to improve the characteristics of lubricants intended for this service. Friction modifiers and extreme pressure additives shall not be used.

API Category GL-two (inactive^[3]) designates the type of service feature of automotive type worm-gear axles operating nether such conditions of load, temperature and sliding velocities, that lubricants satisfactory for API GL-ane service will not suffice.

API Category GL-3 (inactive^[3]) designates the type of service feature of manual transmissions and spiral-bevel axles operating under mild to moderate to astringent conditions of speed and load. These service atmospheric condition require a lubricant having load-carrying capacities greater than those that will satisfy APL GL-one service, but beneath the requirements of lubricants satisfying the API GL-4 service. with wide functioning ranges and temperature differences in the vicinity of viscosity.

API Category GL-4 designates the blazon of service characteristic of screw-bevel and hypoid gears in automotive axles operated under moderate speeds and loads. These oils may be used in selected manual transmission and transaxle applications.

API Category GL-v designates the blazon of service characteristic of gears, particularly hypoids in automotive axles nether high-speed and/or low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lubricants qualified under U.S. Armed services specification MIL-L-2105D (formerly MIL-L-2015C), MIL-PRF-2105E and SAE J2360 satisfy the requirements of the API GL-5 service designation.

API Category GL-6 (inactive^[iii]) designates the type of service feature of gears designed with a very high pinion kickoff. Such designs typically crave (gear) score protection in excess of that provided past API GL-5 gear oils. The original API GL-6 test equipment is obsolete.

API Category MT-i designates lubricants intended for non-synchronized transmission transmissions used in buses and heavy-duty trucks. Lubricants meeting API MT-1 provide protection confronting the combination of thermal deposition, component wear, and oil seal deterioration which is not provided past lubricants meeting only the requirements of API GL-four and API GL-v.

MIL-PRF-2105E this specification released in 1995 combines the performance requirements of its predecessor (MIL-L-2105D) and API MT-1. MIL-PRF-2105E maintains all existing chemical/concrete requirements, stationary beam examination requirements, field test requirements and data review by the Lubricants Review Institute that were required under MIL-L-2105D. It too adds the stringent oil seal compatibility and thermal immovability test requirements under API MT-1. MIL-PRF-2105E has been re-written as SAE Standard J2360. SAE J2360 standard is a new global quality standard that defines a level of performance equivalent to that divers by MIL-PRF-2105E, a U.S. armed forces standard for approval that was not available to oil blenders in all parts of the earth. Information technology includes all of the most recent axle and manual testing requirements identified in API GL-five, API MT-1, and MIL-PRF-2105E including the demand to demonstrate proof-of-operation through rigorous field testing.

References [edit]

^ J. G. Herdan (1997). "Lubricating Oil Additives and the Environs — an Overview". Lubrication Science. nine. doi:ten.1002/ls.3010090205.
^ Theo Mang, Jürgen Braun, Wilfried Dresel, Jürgen Omeis (2011). "Lubricants, 2. Components". Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemical science. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.o15_o04. {{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d API Categories GL-one, GL-2, GL-3 and GL-6 were declared inactive past SAE Technical Committee 3 in 1995, even though oils may be marketed with these designations. Similarly, ASTM does not program to maintain the functioning tests associated with these categories, as in a number of cases these tests tin can no longer be run because parts or examination installations are not available.

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